Which of the following items remain unaffected by an RTC reset?

The system password remains unaffected by an RTC (Real-Time Clock) reset because this type of reset is designed primarily to clear certain types of volatile data, such as memory configurations and date settings, which do not typically include the user credentials or passwords that are stored in non-volatile memory.

In contrast, even though the admin password is typically considered more critical for device management, it is securely tied to the BIOS firmware and can often be reset or cleared under certain conditions, depending on manufacturer settings and security measures. Similarly, the ownership tag is a customizable field set by the user that may be cleared or reset as part of a system reset, and the service tag, which uniquely identifies the device for support and warranty purposes, is generally embedded in the hardware and is not intended to be affected by temporary settings adjustments like an RTC reset.

Understanding the persistence of the system password in the context of RTC resets is crucial for device security, as it ensures that users can maintain access even after performing a reset to the system's clock and memory settings.